1.
Effect Of Replacement Of Maize With The Varying Levels Of Stabilized Extruded Rice Polishing On The Performance Of Broilers
by Aqif Mukhtar, Syed | Prof.Dr. Nisar Ahmad Mian | Dr.Anjum Khalique | Dr.Muhammad.
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Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: As the poultry industry flourished rapidly during the last thirty years, it has now become a major contributor in providing low cost protein of animal origin to our population. But unfortunately poultry industry is continuously suffering loses for the past few years mainly due the fact that the conventional feed stuffs are becoming costly day by day. The serious food shortage and increasing competition between human beings and poultry regarding the consumption of cereal grains demanded that cereals should be now spared for human consumption and exploration of non conventional feed sources should be carried out in order to keep the business of poultry industry running well.
Rice polishing is a by-product of rice milling so it is abundantly available in Pakistan because rice is the third largest crop produced in the country. Rice polishing compares well with the cereal grains in chemical composition. So it contains more fat and protein as compared to maize but high in fiber contents. Due to high fat contents rancidity of Rice polishing can pose some problems if it is fed after prolonged storage, specially in hot weather.
Extrusion cooking is a new technique which stabilizes the high fat diets and make them fit for use in the animal rations. For this reason full fat rice polishing was subjected to Extrusion Cooking which was done at National Feed Mill.
Present Experiment was conducted to replace maize with extruded rice polishing and to see the effects on the performance of broiler chicks. Six starter and six finisher rations were prepared and designated as A, B, C, D, E and F . All rations were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Starter ration and finisher ration A. were kept as a control containing 35 % Maize and 0% extruded Rice polishing, which was replaced by extruded rice polishing in ration B, C, D, E and F. on protein equivalent basis at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35% level In this way a complete 100% replacement of maize with extruded Rice polishing was made One hundred and eighty day old chicks were randomly divided into eighteen experimental units of 10 chicks each. Each experimental unit was placed individually. The starter rations were fed up to 28th day of age while the Finisher rations from 29th to 42nd day of age.
Results of the present study indicated that the weight gain up to 25% extruded rice polishing level was promisingly good. Maximum weight gain was recorded in Ration B (15% extruded rice polishing). Second best results were noted in the control ration but the performance of the chicks fed on 20% extruded rice polishing was almost equal to that of control ration. It was noted that the weight gain started to decrease gradually as the level was raised up to 35% of the total with each increasing increment.
Best feed utilization was observed in the chicks fed on ration B, whereas poor utilization of feed was noted in higher levels of extruded rice polishing in the diet having more feed consumption compared to weight gain.
Better performance up to 25% level indicated that Extrusion improved the nutritional quality of rice polishing by stabilizing it and inactivating Lipases. The extrusion also made starch more available for the birds and reduced the anti-nutritional elements of rice polishing. This is evident from the fact that the level of rice polishing effected the health of the chicks.
It was therefore concluded from the present study that extrusion is an excellent technique for converting low quality feed stuffs into feeds with higher nutritional quality. Specially extrusion of low priced feed ingredients such as rice polishing and it replacement with a costly feed ingredient such as wheat or maize holds good economic prospects for feed millers. As extrusion is done on a very limited scale therefore after the present study it was strongly recommended that the use of extruded feed stuffs should be promoted in poultry ration
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2.
Comparative Efficacy Of Different Commercially Available Growth Promoter Antibiotics On The Performance Of Broiler
by Fazal ur Rehman | Prof.Dr.Talat Naseer Pasha | Dr.Anjum Khalique | Dr.Athar.
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Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: The present experiment was conducted to study the efficacy of different growth promoter antibiotics on the performance of broiler chicks.
Two hundred and forty day old broiler (Hubbard) chicks were purchased, kept in cages and were reared on six experimental rations designated as T1 (Control), T2 (Albac, Zinc Bacitracin, 50ppm), T3 (Flavornycin, Flavophosphlipol, 3ppm), T4 (Flavomycin, Flavophosphilipol, 6ppm), T5 (Flavomycin, Flavophosphilipol, 9ppm) and T6 (Lincornix, Lincomycin 4.4ppm) upto the age of 42 days. The starter rations were fed upto 28 days of age and the finisher from to 42nd days of age.
The results of the present study indicated significant difference in weight gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, total bacterial count of feed, total bacterial count of intestinal contents of chicks fed on antibiotic incorporated feed than control (un-medicated). The results of dressing percentage were non-significant.
Rations designated as T2 (Zinc bacitracin, 50ppm) and T3 (Flavophospholipol, 3ppm) showed non-significant difference for weight gain, feed consumption and feed efficiency, whereas the ration T4 (Flavophospholipol, 6ppm), T5 (Flavophospholipol, 9ppm) and T6 (Lincomycin, 4.4 ppm) showed non-significant difference for weight gain, feed consumption and feed efficiency. But ration T4, T5 and T6 showed significant difference with T2 and T3 for weight gain.
With respect to objective of the study, the economic picture of rations T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 for cost per Kg. of live weight gain (excluding cost of day old chick) were Rs. 17.86, 17.45, 17.39, 17.22, 17.38 and 17.37. Ration T6 was economical by Rs. 0.64, 0.23, 0.17, 0.16 and 0.15 with T1, T2, T3, T4 and T6 respectively. So the Flavomycin 80 at the rate 6ppm (Flavophospholipol) can be used in broiler starter and broiler finisher rations.
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3.
Comparative Efficacy Of Salinomycin, Meduramycin, Urisool And Coxigon As Feed Additive Coccidiostat In Broiler
by Rashid Ghafoor | Prof.Dr.Talat Naseer Pasha | Dr.Anjum Khalique | Dr.Athar.
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Publisher: 2004Dissertation note: The present study was designed to compare the efficacy of different anticoccidials available in market. Coccidiosis is a disease of universal importance in poultry production. A total of one hundred and eighty, day old broiler chicks were purchased and raised for 42 days in a healthy and good hygienic environment. The birds were then divided into 6 groups viz A, B, C, D, E and F having 30 birds each. Group C and D was given feed additive anticoccidial Kokcisan (salinomycin 12%) and Decocci (meduramycin 1%), while in group E and F was given a herbal drugs i.e. Urisool and Coxigon respectively. All the groups except group E were given challenge of infection on day 22. The oocyst count was done on 5th, 6th and 7th day after infection.
During the experimental period feed intake, weight gain, FCR, mortality rate, oocyst count, clinical findings and postmortem findings were recorded on weekly basis. Results showed that average feed intake was higher in group E i.e. infected and treated with Urisool (herbal coccidiostate). The result showed there is no statistical difference between herbal coccidiostates and other chemotherapeutic drugs. Average weight gain was higher in group E i.e. infected medicated with Urisol a herbal product gave better result.
The results of present study showed that salinomycin treated group is better among all groups regarding FCR. The herbal groups showed less percentage of mortality. The results are also in agreement with many scientists who reported that herbal anticoccidials are safe and has no side effects and tissue destruction. No toxicity and poisoning is observed even at higher doses as in ionophores and no resistance is developed towards any species of Eimeria. Oocyst count was also lower in both herbal treated groups. Almost all the birds receiving infection showed the clinical symptoms of coccidiosis, symptoms were more pronounced in birds of group (uninfected and unmedicated), salinomycin and meduramycin treated group. However, in groups treated with Urisol and Coxigon the signs were not much pronounced, which shows effectiveness of herbal preparations. On account of all these results, it is summarized that herbal anticoccidials are equal in efficacy as compare to other anticoccidials.
The results of this study will help to the feed millers in choosing best and economical feed additive anticoccidial.
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4.
Slow-Release Non -Protien Nitrogen Impact On Performance Of Weaned Crossbred Calves
by Shahzad naveed | Prof. Dr. Talat naseer pasha | Prof. Dr.Anjum khalique.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2071,T] (1).
