1.
Effect Of Two Anticoccidials With And Without Supplementation Of Vitamins On Some Liver And Kidney Functions
by Muti Ur Rehman Khan | Dr. Shakil Akhtar Khan | Dr.Javed Rashid | Dr.Muhammad Amin Sheikh | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: The project was designed to study the effect of anticoccidials (Ampisol 20% and Esb3 30%) with and without supplementation of vitamins on some liver and kidney functions of broiler chicken. A total of hundred day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into five equal groups designated as A, B, C, D and E. Group A was medicated with Ampisol 20% at the dose rate of 3 gm/10 liters. Group B was given Ampisol 20% alongwith supplementation of Symodek at the dose rate of 1 gmJ2 liters. Group C was medicated with Esb3 30% while group D was Esb3 30% plus Symodek. Group E was non- medicated control. Serum samples were collected randomly from five birds in each group on day 21, 28, 35 and 42 and were stored at -20°C uptil tests. The experimental period was 42 days. Estimation of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, serum creatinine and serum uric acid was made by using commercially available kits in collected serum samples of all groups.
The statistical analysis of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, serum creatinine showed no significant difference among groups A, B, C, D and Eon 21, 28,35,42 day of experiment. Serum uric acid levels showed no significant difference in different groups on 21 and 42 day. On day 28 of the experiment there was no significant difference between mean serum uric acid levels of group C and D but were significantly different from groups A, B and E. The mean uric acid levels of groups A, B and E were significantly different from each other. On day 35 there was significant difference among different groups except between B and C groups. As there were no adverse effects on liver and kidney functions of broiler chickens, the administration of Ampisol 20% and Esb3 30% with and without vitamins is recommended for chemoprophylaxis of coccidiosis in broiler chickens.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0576,T] (1).
2.
Effects Of Formalinized And Oil Based Hydropericardium Syndrome Vaccines On Haematology & Immunocompetent
by Zafar Abbas | Dr.Javed Rashid | Dr.Muhammad | Dr.Shakil Akhtar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: This study was designed to find out the effects on haematology (Hb, TLC and DLC), immune response (against NDV vaccine) and on organ body weight indices (liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and thymus) in broiler chickens when given two different HPS vaccines (Formalinized and oil-based HPS vaccines). Morbid livers of chickens affected with naturally occurred hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) were collected from field outbreaks to prepare the HPS vaccines and inoculum. Sixty broiler chicks were divided into three groups (A, B and C), comprising of 20 chicks in each on 10th day of experiment. At 14th day of age, chickens of groups A and B were given f-HPS and o-HPS vaccines, while group C was kept as unvaccinated control. On 28th day of age chickens of groups A, B and C were challenged with HPS inoculum. To study the effects of f-HPS and o-HPS vaccines, blood samples were collected on 12th (pre-vaccination), 26th (postvaccination) and 35th (post-challenge) day of experiment.
Haematological study revealed that f-HPS and o-HPS vaccines had no significant effects on haemoglobin concentration in groups A and B, but its concentration decreased significantly on 35th day in control group-C. Whereas TLC values increased significantly on 26th and 35th day in groups A and B, but decreased significantly on 35th day in group-C. DLC value revealed that there was relative lymphocytosis and heterpenia on 26th and 35th day in groups A and B, whereas eosinophilia on 35th day. While in control group-C there was lymphopenia and eosinopenia along with hetrophHia on 35th day. Antibody titre against Newcastle disease virus vaccine indicated that there was no significant difference in'GMHI titre values among the groups A, B and C. Results of organ body weight indices indicated that in control group-C (unvaccinated) indices of liver, spleen and bursa of Fabricius were significantly higher than those of groups A and B, whereas no effect was observed on thymic body weight index among groups A, B and C.
The results of this study suggested that f-HPS and o-HPS vaccines had no significant effect on Hb concentration, TLC and DLC values. No significant immuno-modulatory effect was noted on antibody titre against NDV vaccine of these HPS vaccines, whereas significant effect was noted on organ body weight indices of livers, spleen and bursa of Fabricius in group-C as compared to vaccinated groups.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0582,T] (1).
3.
Effect Of Probiotics & Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicates On The Performance Of Broilers
by Iftikhar Hussain Akram | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Dr.Javed | Dr.Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: This project was designed to observe the effects of Probiotics and Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicates on the growth, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the antibody titers of N.D. vaccine in broiler chicks.
For this, 360 chicks from SB chicks were purchased and were divided into four groups each comprising 90 chicks and furthermore each group was divided into three replicates in each having 30 chicks in it. The experiment lasted for forty two days. The birds were vaccinated according to the program of Rhone Merieux. The probiotic ( Protexin ) was given in group A @ 0.1% in feed and Mycotoxin (Mycoad ) was used in group B 0.2%, in group C ( combination of ProtexinO. 1%+Myco-ad 0.2% ) was given and group D was kept as control. The experiment was carried out at the level of 50ppb on aflatoxins. The use of probiotics and HSCAS is really beneficial in broiler production. The probiotics caused more weight gain (1925 gms. ) and better feed efficiency (F.C.R.2.2 ). On the other side, the results in case of HSCAS were really appreciating as there was controlled mortality (2.2%) acceptable weight gain (186 1.7gms.) and F.C.R.(2.13).
To use the product was also economical but in case of brobiotiscs it was uneconomical to use. The combination of both product gave very poor results which was, perhaps, due to antagonistic effect of both. The titers in group B where HSCAS was used, were found excellent ( day 28:35.2 GMT, day 35:4 1.6 GMT, day 42:46.4 GMT) as compare to control( day 28:20.8GMT, day 35:17.6 GMT, day 42:15.2GMT). So the group B (HSCAS ) gave the excellent performance in terms of weight gain, F.C.R., mortality % and remained quite protective throughout the experimentation against the N.D. disease.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0614,T] (1).
4.
Effect Of Feeding Of Canola Meal On The Performance Of Layers
by Imran Hassan | Dr.Javed Ahmad Qureshi | Dr.Muhammad | Prof.Dr.Nisar Ahmad.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: Canola a genetically improved variety of rapeseed after extraction of oil, as a meal, is the best supplement protein source among the vegetable protein sources which can be incorporated in different classes of poultry rations.
The present experiment was conducted to study the long term effect of canola meal feeding on the performance of 216 layer chicks from 19th 29th weeks. The birds were divided into six main groups, having 36 layers each and further sub-divided into 3 replicates of 12 layers each. Each replicate was treated as an experimental unit. All the managemental programs like, feeding, watering, vaccination, lighting and temperature were provided according to the recommended requirements for Babcock B300 layers.
Six experimental rations, A, B, C, D, E and F were prepared containing 0, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15% canola meal in the layer mash, while with the same designation of rations, 0, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21% canola meal containing starter and grower rations were fed during the previous phase of the project (Phase-I). The rations were formulated and provided according to the Babcock B300 strain requirement.
In this project, effect of feeding different levels of canola meal was checked in lieu of soybean meal on feed consumption, feed efficiency (Kilogram of feed per dozen eggs) egg production, weight of twelve eggs, egg shell thickness, chemical composition of eggs, organoleptic evaluation and economics.
Feed consumption, per dozen egg weight and egg production were significantly lower (P<O.01) with rations containing different canola meal levels as compared to soybean meal diet. While best feed conversion ratio (kilograms of feed per dozen eggs) was observed with canola meal containing ration that is significantly lower (P<O.01) as compared to soybean meal containing diet. Egg shell thickness was also significantly higher (P <0.01) with rations containing canola meal as compared to soybean meal.
Chemical composition and organoleptic evaluation of the eggs from the hens fed on soybean meal or canola meal containing ration did not show any pronounced effect. While the economics of the experimental rations indicated that rations contain canola meal were cheaper as compared to soybean meal containing rations. The overall picture of the whole experiment revealed that canola meal can replace completely soybean meal in laying phase. But it has little problem of poor feed intake which was may be due to picking problem of the birds due to smaller particle size of canola meal.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the present study following are the recommendations:
1. With the energy compensation of the layer ration canola meal can be incorporated upto 15% dietary level.
2. A wide range of glucosinolates is present in canola quality of rapeseed i.e. 1-3O.smol/gm DM meal. It is very critical for formulation.
3. Canola meal should be incorporated in layer mash ration after pelleting in order to avoid the low feed intake problem.
CONCLUSIONS
Results of the present study reveals that canola is one of the best vegetable protein sources that can replace completely soybean meal in the layer diets with respect to the performance of the birds upto 30th week of age.
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5.
Influence Of Varying Levels Of Energy With Constant Levels Of Protein On The Performance Of Japanese Quails
by Shahid Siddique | Dr.Nisar Ahmad | Dr.Javed Ahmad Qureshi | Dr.Muhammad.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1997Dissertation note: Present experiment was conducted to study the influence of varying level of energy with constant level of protein on the performance of Japanese quail. For this purpose 300 day old Japanese quail were reared upto 42 days. Quails were randomly divided into five groups, each group was further subdivided into three replicates of 20 quails each . Starter rations Al, Bi, Cl, Dl and El were given to each group for first 21 days and from 22 - 42 days finisher rations A2, B2, C2, D2 and E2 were given. Starter rations contained 24.5% protein and 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100 and 3200 Kcal/Kg Metabolizable Energy respectively. Finisher rations contained 19.5% protein and 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100 and 3200 Kcal/Kg Metabolizable Energy respectively. On starter rations quail chicks gained weight 66.77, 63.54, 69.28, 62.36 and 61.50 grams respectively. The highest weight gain of 69.28 grams was obtained with chicks fed on ration Cl containing Metabolizable Energy 3000 Kcal/Kg with calorie-protein ratio 122. Feed consumed by the quail chicks was 133.73, 128.38, 126.71, 122.60 and 119.50 grams respectively. Chicks fed on ration Al consumed maximum feed having 2800 Kcal/Kg Metabolizable Energy, while minimum feed consumption was on ration El having 3200 Kcal/Kg Metabolizable Energy. The average feed efficiency was 2.00, 2.02, 1.82, 1.96 and 1.94 respectively. The chicks fed on ration C1 containing Metabolizable Energy of 3000 Kcal/Kg with calorie-protein ratio 122 was more efficient in feed utilization.
On finisher rations A2, B2, C2, D2 and/ E2 weight gained was 67.62, 72.03, 74.25, 70.46 and 68.05 grams respectively. The highest weight gain 74.25 grams was obtained with chicks, fed on ration C2 containing Metabolizable Energy 3000 KcaI/Kg with calorie-protein ratio 153. Feed consumed by quail chicks on finisher rations was 311.33, 293.93, 299.9, 287.4 and 276.17 grams. Highest amount o feed i.e. 311.33 grams was consumed by chicks fed on ration A2 having Metabolizable Energy 2800 Kcal/Kg , while the lowest amount of feed consumed by quail chicks on ration E2 containing Metabolizable Energy 3200 Kcal/Kg. Similarly the feed conversion ratio was 4.60, 4.08, 4.04, 4.07 and 4.05 to the quail chicks fed on finisher rations. The chicks fed on ration C2 containing Metabolizable Energy 3000 Kcal/Kg with calorie-protein ratio 153 was more efficient in feed utilization.
The results indicated that ration containing Metabolizable Energy 3000 Kcal/Kg with calorie-protein ratio 122 in starter rations and ration containing Metabolizable Energy 3000 KcalIKg with calorie-protein ratio 153 in finisher ration were economical, showed better weight gain and comparatively more efficient in feed utilization in quail chicks. It was observed that the rate of weight gain was decreased when energy levels were increased or decreased from 3000 Kcal/Kg in starter and finisher rations respectively. It was noticed that as the level of energy with constant level of protein in ration increased, the feed consumption was decreased. Feed efficiency was poor at high and low energy rations with constant level of protein.
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6.
Detection And Control Of Vaccination Stress Following Vaccination With Live Virus Newcastle Disease Vaccine And Its Effect on Immune Response Commmercial Broiler Chicks
by Zahid Jawad | Dr. Shakil Akhtar Khan | Dr. Khushi Muhamma | Dr.Javed Rashid | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1997Dissertation note: This study intended to ascertain the vaccination stress following live Newcastle disease vaccine by oral route and to determine the comparative efficacy of probiotic and vitamins to combat it. One hundred and forty day-old broiler chicks were divided into four groups i.e. A, B, C and D having 35 birds each. The birds were kept for 45 days alter vaccination with Bio-LaSota by oral route on 21st day. Chicks From group A was kept as control. Group B was given vaccine and no treatment. Group C was given vaccine and only brobiotic (protexin). Group D was given vaccine and only vitamins (Vitaoligosol). Seven birds of each group were slaughtered on 22nd day, 23th, 24th and 25th day and remaining 7 birds of each group were slaughtered on day 45th, for collection of blood samples. The blood samples from 7 randomly selected birds were collected on day 16, 30th and day 45th for determination of antibody t.itre. The following parameters were studied: (i) determination of hetrophil/lymphocyte ratio (Ii) estimation of antibody response against Newcastle disease vaccine (iii) estimation of serum biochemical substances (iv) Determination of adrenal gland body weight index and (v) Pathological study of adrenal glands. Live virus vaccine against Newcastle disease caused vaccination stress in broiler chickcns. The birds expressed vaccination stress for a variable period ranged from 1 to 2 post-vaccination day. But these results were more accurate if level of corticosteroids was detected. In future, a more comprehensive study is required to devise simple and reliable methods for detecting stress in poultry in field conditions and also to suggest therapeutic and prophylactic measures for relieving the birds from the state of stress.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0806,T] (1).
7.
Detection And Control Of Vaccination Stress Following Vaccination With Inactivated Virus Newcastle Disease
by Kanwar Muhammad Naeem | Dr. Shakil Akhtar Khan | Dr.Javed Rashid | Dr.Khushi Muhammady | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1997Dissertation note: This study was intended to detect and control of the vaccination stress following vaccination with inactivated virus Newcastle disease vaccine intramuscularly (i/rn) and its effects on immune response in commercial broiler chicks. One hundred and forty day-old broiler chicks were divided into four groups i.e. A, 13, C and D having 35 birds each. Chicks from group A were kept as control. Group B was given vaccine and no treatment. Group C was given vaccine and probiotic (protexin). Group 0 was given vaccine and vitamins (Vitaoligosol). Seven birds of each group were slaughtered on 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th day post vaccination and remaining 7 birds of each group were slaughtered on day 45th, for collection of blood samples. The blood samples from 7 randomly selected birds were collected on day 16th, 30th and 45th for determination of antibody titre. The following parameters were studied: (i) determination of heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (ii) estimation of antibody response against Newcastle disease vaccine (iii) estimation of serum biochemica' substances (iv) determination of adrenal gland body weight index and (v) pathological study of adrenal glands. Inactivated virus vaccine against Newcastle disease induced transient stress in broiler chicks and detection of serum biochemical substances (protein, glucose and cholesterol) can act good indicators for detection of vaccination stress. Protexin and vitaoligosol played minor role in combating vaccination stress in this study.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0807,T] (1).
