1.
Preparation And Evaluation Of Inactivated Infectious Bronchitis Virus Vaccine
by Tajammal Hussain | Dr.Muhammad Akram Munir | Dr.Khushi Muhammad | Dr.Shakil | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: The Live attenuated infectious bronchitis H-120 vaccinal strain virus (Biotech) was purchased and processed in the Microbiology Laboratory, college of Veterinary Sciences Lahore, for vaccine preparation. For this purpose harvesting of virus, ETD5O, inactivation of fluid. Safety and Sterility testing was done. The virus grow in embryonated chicken eggs with E1D50 was 10 5.16/mi. An oil-based lB vaccine was prepared by mixing one part of the AAF with 4 part of the oil-base. The oil base contained 4 percent emulsifier (Span 80). The vaccine thus prepared from the virus which commonly present in Pakistan in layers and broilers. The cost of the vaccine production was Rs.463/bottle (1000 doses) compared to Rs.2000/bottle of imported vaccine.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0651,T] (1).
2.
Detection And Control Of Vaccination Stress In Pullets Against Newcastle Disease Vaccine (Avinew)
by Shakila Khanum | Dr. Shakil Akhtar Khan | Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Muhammad Akram Munir | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: The project was carried out to detect the stress in layer chicks caused by vaccination against Newcastle disease. It alsi intended to find out the role of vitamins and aspirin in combating vaccination stress. One hundred and seventy (170) day-old layer chicks were obtained from the market. 10 day old chicks were utilized to determine maternal antibody Litre against NDV. Four groups were made at random comprising of 40 birds each. These were labelled as A (control group), B (vaccine), C (vaccine + vitamin) and D (vaccine + aspirin). The studied parameters in the experiment were: heterophil/lymphocyte ratio, serum biochemical analysis, adrenal! body weight ratio, pathological examination of adrenal glands as well as detection of antibody response against NDV.
At the end of the experiment, it was found that no considerable stress was induced in the birds vaccinated against NDV vaccine. It was also concluded that vitamins have a positive effect on immune response and growth rate of bird.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0722,T] (1).
3.
Serological Response Of Broilers To Adjuvant Containing Avian Influenza Virus (H9 Type) Vaccine
by Aayesha Riaz Malik | Dr.Khushi Muhammad | Dr.Khalid Saeed | Dr.Muhammad Akram Munir | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 2001Dissertation note: Avian Influenza due to subtype AIV (H9 N2) caused high mortality in breeder, layer and broilers in different regions of Pakistan, during 1998 and 1999. AIV was obtained from Olympia laboratories, Lahore Road Sheikhupura. The virus was characterized by cultural characteristics in chicken embryos, virus induced death of chicken embryos within 48-72 hours post inoculation. Virus in AAF showed 1-IA titer 1:1024, while its Eli)50 was 1W 84/ml. Virus neutralization test confirmed the virus as AIV (1-19 N2).
Virus was inactivated by 0.12% formalin and then 3 adjuvant containing A1V (119 N2) vaccines were prepared with inactivated virus. The vaccines were (a) Alum precipitated Al vaccine (AP-AIV) (b) Aluminum hydroxide gel Al vaccine (AH-AIV) (c) Oil based Al vaccine (0B-AIV). Oil based vaccine was prepared with hydrophile lipophile balance (HLB) values between 5,8 and 9. The vaccine with HLB value 8 was the most stable.
Four groups of broiler birds were divided as A. B, C and D (10 birds each). 013- AIV was inoculated in birds of group A at 10th day of age and no boosting of it was required. Birds of group A showed high level of Ill antibody titer till 6 weeks of age. When AP-AIV and AHl-AIV were injected in birds of group II and C' respectively at 5' day of age and boosting with AP-A1V and AH-AIV at 14th1 day of age respectively, then birds of group B and C displayed effective antibody level till the 5 week of age
However unvaccinated birds (control group) were negative to HI antibody titer. Cumulative geometric mean titre (CGMT) of 0B-AIV. AH-AIV and AP-AIV were 124.86. 63.56 and 67.74 respectively, while the standard deviation (P>0.05) from the mean of OB-AlV, AH-AIV and AP-AIV was 78.92, 40.56 and 36.13 respectively which showed that AH-AIV and AP-AIV were non significantly different. The result indicated that each of the adjuvant containing vaccine was effective to inchice anti-HI antibody.
The cost of three vaccines was calculated and these were 285.2 Rs. for AP-AIV, 287 Rs. for AH-AIV and 365 Rs. for OB-AIV for 1000 doses of vaccines. The oil-based vaccine was cost effective and quality conscious. It is recommended for all types of commercial birds.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0723,T] (1).
4.
Prevalence Of Bovine Tuberculosis In Cattle And Buffaloes
by Naveed Akhtar, M | Dr.Masood Rabbani | Dr.Hamid Jalil | Dr.Muhammad Akram Munir | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2002Dissertation note: Bovine tuberculosis is of great zonootic importance. The present project was designed to study the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (TB) in cattle and buffaloes. Suspected population of live animals were screened out by intradermal tuberculin (IDT) test. Lungs suspected of tuberculosis were collected from the Lahore Slaughter House, for isolating the TB organism. Dogs brought to the Dog Hospital, C.V.S., Lahore were also checked for the presence of TB.
A total of 344 cattle and buffaloes were tested by IDT test. Twenty five (7%) animals were observed as positive to IDT test and seven (2%) animals were tested as doubtful. Milk and faecal samples were collected from the positive animals however none of the samples was positive for mycobacterium by microscopic or cultural examinations.
On microscopic examination of 20 lung samples only four (20%) lungs indicated the presences of acid-fast bacilli. While on culture examination 14 strains were detected. All the 14 strains were inoculated into rabbits intravenously to study the pathogenicity. Thirteen isolates were found to be pathogenic for rabbits. On postmortem examination there were typical tubercles on the lungs of rabbits.
Twenty five dogs were tested by IDT test. Two dogs i.e. 8% were found to be positive for tuberculosis. From the study it was concluded that tuberculosis is quite common in animals. Strong measures should be taken by Government and private authorities to eradicate disease from animals.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0724,T] (1).
5.
A Study On Bacteriological Examination Of Raw And Pasteurized Milk Marketed In Lahore Area With Particular Reference To Public Health
by Aman Ullan | Dr.Muhammad Akram Munir | Dr.Khalid Saeed | Dr.Masood Rubani | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2001Dissertation note: The present study was conducted to study the bacteriological quality of various types of milk being marketed in Lahore. A total of 120 milk samples consisting of equal number (30 each of raw, pasteurized, UHT and sterilized milk) from various sources were examined for standard plate counts using milk agar, coliform count using EMB agar and using milk ring test (MRT) for brucellosis.
All the samples were negative for MRT. Average standard plate count (SPC) and coliform counts for raw milk were 2.34x107 cfulml and 2.2x105 cfu/ml respectively. Similarly, SPC and coliform counts for pasteurized milk were found as 2.16x105 cfuJml and 3.28x104 cfu/ml respectively. No raw milk sample fulfilled the International Standards for very good quality milk for SPC or coliform count. For pasteurized milk, only 33.33% samples fulfilled the International Standards for very good pasteurized milk. SPC and coliform counts for UHT or sterilized milk was zero thus fulfilling the International Standards.
A total of 162 isolates (88 isolates from raw milk and 74 isolates from the pasteurized milk) were identified. These isolates included Staphylococcus epidermidis, 38 strain (21 from raw milk and 17 from pasteurized milk), Staph. aureus, 30 strains (16 from raw and 14 from pasteurized milk), Escherichia coli, 24 stains (14 and 10), Enterobacter aerogenes, 20 (11, 09), Bacillus cereus, 22 (15, 07), Micrococcus luteus 15, (03, 12) and Klebsiellapneumoniae 13 (08, 05) strains. vitro antibiotic sensitivity tests indicated that all the isolates were resistant to penicillin whereas most of the isolates were sensitive to Gentamicin, Kanamycin and Chloramphenicol. Escherichia coli was resistant to most of the commonly used antibiotics.
Overall hygienic quality of raw and pasteurized milk available in Lahore city was graded as poor.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0802,T] (1).
6.
Immune Response Of Broilers Against Newcastle Disease Vaccines
by Amoon Inayat | Dr.Khushi Muhammad | Dr.Khalid | Dr.Muhammad Akram Munir | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2003Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0838,T] (1).
