1.
Determination Of Metabolizable Energy And Dry Matter Digestibility Of Indigenous Feed Staffs Used In Poultry Rations
by Rana Mudassar Riaz | Prof.Dr.Talat Naseer Pasha | Dr. Farina M | Mr. Muhammad Kamran.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2005Dissertation note: The project was conducted to determine the AME, TME and dry matter digestibility. Five feedstuffs were used for this purpose. Thirty 16- week-old cockerels were used in such a way that five birds were force fed 30g of each feedstuff. Five birds were kept fasted to serve as negative control for determination of metabolic feacal and urinary endogenous excretions. The prefeeding fasting period was 21 hr and excreta were collected over a period of 24 hr. Proximate analysis for moisture, crude protein, ash, crude fibre and nitrogen free extract was carried out. The gross energy of the ingredients and the excreta was measured by using adiabatic bomb calorimeter and AME and TME were worked out.
The observed AME values for maize, rice tips, wheat, sorghum and millet were 3612.74, 3661.62, 3296.85, 3514.92 and 3278.46 Kcal/kg respectively. Rice tips have the highest value and on the other hand millet has the lowest value.
The observed TME values for maize, rice tips, wheat, sorghum and millet were 4059.6, 4095.36, 3738.58, 3965.71 and 3730.62 Kcal/kg
respectively. Rice tips have the highest value followed by maize, sorghum, wheat and millet has the lowest value.
Endogenous energy ranged from 11.53 14 to 12.7099 Kcal with the average of 12.02 KcaI.
Dry matter digestibility was highest for rice tips (77.4 1%) followed by maize (75.64%), sorghum (72.13%), millet (71.88%) and lowest value for wheat (67.26%) due to relatively high content of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin etc. Rice tips have better digestibility so it should be included at higher percentage in poultry feed.
It was also found that crude fiber has indirect relationship with both AME and TME. While ether extract has direct relationship with gross energy.
While for the comparison with the NRC values it was found that for both AME and TME except wheat, other ingredients have lesser values than reported in NRC and statistically it was found that there was non-significant relationship between the observed and standard mean values.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0854,T] (1).
2.
Determination Of Apparent Metabolizable Energy Of Indigenous Vegetable Protein Sources In Poultry
by Hammad Ali | Prof.Dr.Talat Naseer Pasha | Dr. Muhammad | Mr. Muhammad Kamran.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2006Dissertation note: An experiment was conducted to determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and true metabolizable energy (TME) of indigenous vegetable protein sources in cockerels by force feeding method. Six indigenous vegetable protein sources viz. soybean meal, canola meal, rapeseed meal, guar meal, sunflower meal and linseed meal were used. Thirty five 18 weeks old broiler breeder cockerels were used in such a way that five birds were force fed 25 gm of each feedstuff for estimation of AME and TME. Five birds were kept fasted to serve as negative control for determination of metabolic faecal and urinary endogenous energy excretions. The pre-feeding fasting period was 24 hours and excreta was collected over a period of 24 hours. The gross energy of test ingredients and the excreta was measured by using adiabatic oxygen bomb calorimeter. Proximate analysis for moisture, crude protein, ether extract, crude fiber, ash and nitrogen free extract were carried out. All had almost similar dry matter and ether extract values. Sunflower meal and canola meal had less CP% because of presence of sulphur containing amino acids. The observed AME values for soybean meal, canola meal, rapeseed meal, guar meal, sunflower meal and linseed meal were 2556, 1920, 1887, 1847, 1629 and 2061 Kcal/Kg, respectively. Soybean meal had the highest value 2556 Kcal/Kg and sunflower meal had the lowest value 1629 Kcal/Kg. The observed TME values for soybean meal, canola meal, rapeseed meal, guar meal, sunflower meal and linseed meal were 2694, 2053, 2022, 1992, 1764 and 2198 Kcal/Kg, respectively. Soybean meal had the highest value 2694 Kcal/Kg and sunflower meal had the lowest value 1764 Kcal/Kg. Endogenous energy ranged from 2.93 Kcal/gm to 2.95 Kcal/gm with the average of 2.94 Kcal/gm. It was also found that crude fiber has indirect relationship with both AME and TME. While, it has also come to notice that ether extract has direct relationship with gross energy of the feedstuff.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0936,T] (1).
