1.
Effect Of Freezinf Rate From+4 C To _80 C On The Survival Of Buffalo Spermatozoa In Three Different Semen Extenders
by Jamshaid Iqbal | Dr. Muhmmad.Amir Saeed | Dr.Azhar Maqbool | Dr.M.Aleem | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2003Dissertation note: Thirty semen collections (60 ejaculates) from five Nili Ravi Buffalo bulls (6 collections from each bull at weekly intervals) kept at semen production unit Karaniwala, Distt. Bahawalpur were used to study the effect of three extenders (a) sodium citrate; (b) Tris and (c) Lactose-fructose and three freezing programs on the rate of motility and livability of spermatozoa. Hypo-osmotic swelling test (FIOST) and
Eosin-Nigrosin staining were used to estimate sperm livability. The three freezing programs used were; (a) slow freezing, (b) moderate freezing and (c) fast freezing. Differences in the post dilution motility with three extenders i.e. sodium citrate (50.22%), tris (70.67%) and lactose-Iructose (65.83%) were highly significant (P<0.001). The best results in term of motility were observed with tris extender. Post thaw sperm motility was 26.19, 56.50 and 47.37% in sodium citrate, tris and lactose-fructose extenders, respectively and was higher (P <0.05) in tris extender. Post thaw HOST revealed 34.79, 52.38, and 45.64 % HOST-reacted sperm in sodium citrate, tris and lactose-fructose extenders, respectively and was higher (P<0.05) in Iris extender. Sperm motility was higher (P <0.05) in moderate freezing program (46.47%) as compared to slow and fast freezing programmes (42.33% and 41.44%). Similarly, the concentrations of live sperm and HOS-reacted sperm were also higher (P <0.05) in moderate freezing program, whereas non-significant (P>0.05) difference was observed between slow and fast freezing programs. As far as the interaction of extenders and freezing programs is concerned, the semen diluted in the tris extender and frozen by using moderate freezing program exhibited better post thaw semen quality as compared to other extenders and freezing programs used in the study.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
It was concluded from present study that the quality of Nih Ravi Buffalo bull semen was greatly affected by the type of extenders and freezing programs used in semen processing and freezing.
A combination of tris extender and moderate freezing programme maintained higher motility, livability and integrity of acrosomal membrane of sperm and is therefore recommended for use in artificial insemination programme. The three tests viz; sperm moility, livability and HOST appeared as reliable techniques for evaluation of semen quality.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0830,T] (1).
2.
Seroprevalence Of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection In Camels In And Around Bahalwalpur
by Umer Naveed Ch | Dr.Kamran Ashraf | Dr.Azhar Maqbool | Prof.Dr.M.Sarwa | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2008Dissertation note: Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite, which infects humans and animals by ingestion of tissue cyst, raw or undercooked meat or oocysts from soil, vegetables, fruits, water, soil and food contaminated by cat faeces or by transmission through the placenta, milk and blood transfusion. Although toxoplasmosis found throughout the world. Seropositivity levels vary widely among different regions of the globe and according to sociocultural habits, geographic factors; climate and transmission routes and typically rise with age.
In present study, the overall prevalence of T gondil infection in camels at Bahwawlpur recorded as 10% by using Toxoplasma Latex Agglutination kit (LAT). 2 camels were found seropositive at 1:16 dilution showing residual or non specific immunity, 5 camels were found seropositive at 1:128 showing acquired or evolving immunity, whereas 3 camels were positive at antibody titer of 1:256 giving an evidence of present infection.
It was also noted that seropositivity of T gondii in camels was higher in age group from 6- 10 years, infection was higher in female camels having abortion history than male.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1049,T] (1).
3.
Habitat Abundance Morphology And General Biology Of Indian Flying Fox ( Pteropus Giganteus ) At Dir Malakand
by Muhammed Salim | Dr.Muhammad Mahmood-ul-Hassan | Dr.Azhar Maqbool | Dr.Zulfiqar Ali.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2009Dissertation note: This study was carried out from June, 2008 to December, 2008 to study the habitat, abundance, morphology and general biology of Indian flying fox (Pteropus gigc,nteus) at Dir, Malakand, Mardan and Charsadda districts of N. W. F. P - Pakistan. Five different roosts viz. (a) Dargai bridge, situated on main road from Peshawar to Swat, tehsil Dargai and district Malakand, (b) Ghaffar khan village, situated on main road from Shakoor to Mandani, tehsil Tangi in Charsadda district, (c) Chail Kandov Baba, situated on main road from Dargai to Katlang tehsil Takht Bhai in Mardan district, (d) Chakdara bridge, situated on river Swat at the junction of Chakdara and Swat road tehsil C'hakdara and Dir district, and (e) Fishing hut, situated on river Swat near Chakdara bridge tehsil Chakdara in Dir district were sampled for the study of habitat, abundance and morphology and general biology of the Indian flying fox (Pteropus giganteus).
Field data was also collected to know the habitat, abundance and general biology of these bats in the study area. The carcasses of the bats were collected from the ground underneath the above mentioned five roosts. Out of five roost only two i.e. Ghaffar Khan Village and Chail Kandov Baba where the habitat was composed of loamy soil and vegetated with maximum number of Eucalyptus glob ulus and some grasses.
Before being weighed the external body measurements of some specimens were recorded. The skulls of these specimens were also prepared for recording different parameters of the skull. The proportion CL/HBL, FL/HBL, TL/HBL and CaL/HBL were almost similar in the two types of skulls whereas the proportion ELIHBL, EB/HBL, TWC/HBL, 21I metaJHBL, 3 metaJHBL, 41h metaJHBL, metaJHBL, FAL/HBL and meta/HBL, FAL/HBL and WS/HBL was somewhat greater in the case with skull without ridge. Only the proportion BW/HBL was greater in the case of the skull having ridge than those without ridge.
Since all the specimens wer putrefied, it was not possible to autopsy them so the reproductive data of any of these specimens could not be obtained. However some general observations of the live bats were recorded.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1064,T] (1).
