000			01994nam a2200205Ia 4500
005			20150921133632.0
008			150525s2002 xx 000 0 und d
041			_aeng
082			_a0774,T
100			_aRabia Salam _96969
110			_cDr. Asim Aslam _96104
245			_aEffect Of Different Routes Of Vaccination Against Newcastle Disease On Lymphoid Organs Of Broilers
260			_c2002
502			_aThis project was designed to compare two routes (intraocular and drinking water) of vaccination against Newcastle disease in terms of protection against velogenic field isolate of NDV by noting immune response and morphological changes in Harderian gland, Bursa of Fabricius and thymus of broilers. This project would also help to evaluate role of Harderian gland to generate local and humoral immunity in response to eye drop and drinking water vaccination against NDV. For this purpose, a total of 160 day-old chicks were procured from local commercial hatchery. At day 7 birds were randomly divided into four groups i.e. A, B, C, D comprising 40 birds each. Group A and B were vaccinated through ocular and oral route respectively. While groups C and D were kept as control. At day 21, groups A and B were revaccinated through the same routes. At day 28, groups A, B and C were further sub-divided into two subgroups each i.e. Al and A2, Bi and B2, Cl and C2, respectively. Subgroups Al, Bl and Cl were challenged, ocularly while subgroups A2, B2 and C2 were challenged orally with velogenic field isolate of NDV. Ocular vaccination resulted in higher level of circulating antibodies and increased number of plasma cells in Harderian gland. It can be inferred that ocular vaccination stimulated Harderian gland to produce strong lcal protective immunity both in ocular and oral mucosa.
650			_aDepartment of Pathology _94635
700			_aDr. Khalid _95447
700			_aDr. Shakil Akhtar Khan _95854
710			_aFaculty of Veterinary Sciences _94292
942			_cTH
999			_c2509 _d2509